How should prisoners and detainees be treated?
Physical or psychological punishment and subhuman conditions for prisoners are illegal and must be addressed.
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What forms of detention and treatment are prohibited for suspects?
Torture, violence, and secret or solitary detention are prohibited against persons under investigation.
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Is a confession obtained through violence admissible as evidence?
Confessions obtained through violation of constitutional rights are inadmissible as evidence in court proceedings.
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What are the legal consequences for violating the rights of detainees?
The law provides sanctions for rights violations and compensation/rehabilitation for victims of torture and their families.
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Who is entitled to bail before conviction?
Most persons are entitled to bail or recognizance before conviction; excessive bail is prohibited.
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What are the conditions for depriving a person of life, liberty, or property?
No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process or denied equal protection of the laws.
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What is the exception to the right to bail?
Bail may be denied for offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong.
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What is required for a search warrant or warrant of arrest to be issued?
Warrants require probable cause determined by a judge to protect against unreasonable searches and seizures of persons and property.
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What is the presumption regarding the innocence of an accused person?
Every accused person is presumed innocent until proven guilty and has the right to be heard.
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When can the privacy of communication and correspondence be violated?
Privacy of communication is inviolable except by court order or for public safety; illegal evidence is inadmissible in court.
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