Philippine Legal Advice

How is the voting process conducted in nonstock corporations, unless provided otherwise?

How is the voting process conducted in nonstock corporations, unless provided otherwise? Unless specified otherwise in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, members of nonstock corporations may generally cast as many votes as there are trustees to be elected (SEC. 23, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines). However, members may not cast more than one […]

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What restrictions apply to an application for revival of corporate existence by financial intermediaries?

What restrictions apply to an application for revival of corporate existence by financial intermediaries? Certain financial intermediaries face stringent requirements when applying for the revival of their corporate existence after their term has expired (SEC. 11, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines). Specifically, no application for revival of certificate of incorporation of banks, banking and

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What two specific reports, in addition to the standard annual financial statement and GIS, must corporations vested with public interest submit?

What two specific reports, in addition to the standard annual financial statement and GIS, must corporations vested with public interest submit? Corporations vested with public interest are subject to heightened reporting requirements beyond the general annual financial statements and general information sheet (SEC. 177, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines). These entities must submit a

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How may the SEC compel a stockholder or member to call a meeting if the authorized person unjustly refuses?

How may the SEC compel a stockholder or member to call a meeting if the authorized person unjustly refuses? Whenever there is no person authorized to call a meeting, or the authorized person unjustly refuses to call one for any cause, the SEC may intervene (SEC. 129, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines). Upon a

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What documentation must the articles of merger or consolidation include regarding the financial status of the constituent companies?

What documentation must the articles of merger or consolidation include regarding the financial status of the constituent companies? The articles of merger or consolidation, executed after stockholder approval, must include specific financial and accounting details for each constituent corporation (SEC. 77, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines). These articles must set forth the carrying amounts

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What is the exception to the rule that all directors must sign a written consent to validate a board action taken without a meeting?

What is the exception to the rule that all directors must sign a written consent to validate a board action taken without a meeting? Section 100 provides several exceptions for close corporations where board action taken without a meeting is still deemed valid, primarily relying on unanimous consent or implied knowledge of the directors or

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What is the purpose of the fund created by the SEC’s collection of fees, fines, and other charges?

What is the purpose of the fund created by the SEC’s collection of fees, fines, and other charges? The SEC is authorized to collect, retain, and use fees, fines, and other charges pursuant to the Code for the purpose of a more effective implementation of this Code (SEC. 175, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines).

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What role does the NEDA play in monitoring stock ownership in corporations?

What role does the NEDA play in monitoring stock ownership in corporations? The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) is tasked with determining, from time to time, if the corporate vehicle has been used by any corporation, business, or industry to frustrate the provisions of this Code or applicable laws (SEC. 176, Revised Corporation Code

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What two primary reportorial requirements must every corporation, domestic or foreign, submit annually to the SEC?

What two primary reportorial requirements must every corporation, domestic or foreign, submit annually to the SEC? Every corporation, whether domestic or foreign, doing business in the Philippines must submit two primary reportorial requirements annually to the SEC (SEC. 177, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines). These reports include the annual financial statements audited by an

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What happens if a corporation fails to submit reportorial requirements to the3 SEC three times?

What happens if a corporation fails to submit reportorial requirements to the3 SEC three times? If a corporation fails to submit the required reportorial documents three (3) times, consecutively or intermittently, within a period of five (5) years, the SEC may place the corporation under delinquent status (SEC. 177, Revised Corporation Code of the Philippines).

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