The State promotes industrialization and full employment while protecting Filipino enterprises against unfair foreign competition and trade practices.
How does the State approach the promotion of industrialization and full employment? Read More »
The State absolutely owns all natural resources, and with the exception of agricultural lands, they cannot be alienated.
Who holds the ownership of the natural resources in the Philippines? Read More »
Corporations must be at least 60% Filipino-owned to enter into natural resource agreements with the State for 25 years.
The State protects the nation’s marine wealth and reserves its use and enjoyment exclusively for Filipino citizens.
How is the nation’s marine wealth protected by the State? Read More »
The President may enter agreements with foreign corporations for technical or financial assistance in large-scale natural resource extraction.
Public domain lands are classified into agricultural, forest, mineral, and national parks, with only agricultural lands being alienable.
How are lands of the public domain classified under the Constitution? Read More »
Private corporations can only lease alienable public lands up to 1,000 hectares for a maximum of 25 renewable years.
A Filipino citizen may lease up to 500 hectares of alienable public land, or acquire up to 12 hectares.
Congress must determine and mark boundaries of forest lands and national parks, conserving them from alteration except by law.
What responsibilities does Congress have concerning forest lands and national parks? Read More »
The State protects the rights of indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their overall well-being.
How does the State ensure the protection of indigenous cultural communities? Read More »
