Who is presumed to be the maker of an audiovisual work?
The person or corporation named on an audiovisual work is presumed its maker absent contrary evidence.
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How are international registrations of works treated in the Philippines?
International registration statements are presumed true unless they violate local law or are contradicted by other records.
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When is an enforcement officer required to notify a copyright owner about a seizure?
Enforcement officers must notify copyright owners when their articles are seized or detained for suspected law violations.
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Which authors receive copyright protection under Philippine law?
Protection applies to Philippine nationals, residents, and works first published or locally published within thirty days.
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What are the consequences of a second criminal copyright offense?
Second offenses carry three to six years of imprisonment and fines reaching Five hundred thousand pesos.
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What is the maximum penalty for third and subsequent criminal offenses?
Third offenses result in six to nine years of imprisonment and fines up to 1.5 million pesos.
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What happens if a convicted infringer is insolvent?
If an infringer is insolvent, they must serve subsidiary imprisonment in place of the unpaid criminal fine.
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What factors determine the length of imprisonment and amount of fine?
Courts determine sentences based on the value of infringing goods and the damage suffered by the copyright owner.
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When is the maximum criminal penalty mandatory?
Maximum penalties are mandatory for circumvention of technology or altering electronic rights management information during copyright infringement.
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Is possession of infringing copies for trade a criminal offense?
Possessing known infringing copies for sale, hire, distribution, or public trade exhibition is a punishable criminal offense.
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