Protection applies to Philippine nationals, residents, and works first published or locally published within thirty days.
Which authors receive copyright protection under Philippine law? Read More »
Courts can seize and impound articles as evidence in infringement actions following Supreme Court search and seizure rules.
Can articles be seized as evidence during an infringement action? Read More »
Infringement actions do not block independent suits for damages, injunctions, or other relief for the injured party.
Does an infringement action prevent a separate suit for damages? Read More »
First-time criminal offenders face one to three years of imprisonment and fines up to One hundred fifty thousand pesos.
What is the penalty for a first-time criminal copyright offense? Read More »
Second offenses carry three to six years of imprisonment and fines reaching Five hundred thousand pesos.
What are the consequences of a second criminal copyright offense? Read More »
Third offenses result in six to nine years of imprisonment and fines up to 1.5 million pesos.
What is the maximum penalty for third and subsequent criminal offenses? Read More »
If an infringer is insolvent, they must serve subsidiary imprisonment in place of the unpaid criminal fine.
What happens if a convicted infringer is insolvent? Read More »
Courts determine sentences based on the value of infringing goods and the damage suffered by the copyright owner.
What factors determine the length of imprisonment and amount of fine? Read More »
Maximum penalties are mandatory for circumvention of technology or altering electronic rights management information during copyright infringement.
When is the maximum criminal penalty mandatory? Read More »
Possessing known infringing copies for sale, hire, distribution, or public trade exhibition is a punishable criminal offense.
Is possession of infringing copies for trade a criminal offense? Read More »
