Section 165 punishes corporations that conduct business through fraud, including Ponzi schemes and deceptive investment operations.
How Does Section 165 Punish Fraudulent Corporate Business? Read More »
Learn liability for withholding corporate minutes under the Revised Corporation Code, including inspection rights, defenses, SEC complaint process, and penalties.
What Liability Applies for Hiding Corporate Minutes? Read More »
Learn penalties for falsifying corporate minutes and board quorum, including falsification risks, SEC consequences, and compliance tips for corporate secretaries.
What Are the Penalties for Falsifying Attendance in Corporate Minutes? Read More »
Learn SEC administrative fines and Revised Corporation Code penalties for corporations vested with public interest that fail to adopt a corporate code of ethics.
What Penalties Apply for Failing to Adopt a Corporate Code of Ethics? Read More »
Learn when shareholders can claim civil damages while the SEC imposes fines and sanctions under the Revised Corporation Code and related rulings.
Can shareholders claim damages while SEC fines directors? Read More »
Learn how forged Articles of Incorporation can lead to SEC revocation of registration and corporate dissolution under R.A. No. 11232 and case law.
Can the SEC dissolve companies with forged Articles of Incorporation? Read More »
Learn the fines and SEC dissolution risk for dummy incorporators under Section 164 Revised Corporation Code and related rules on fraud in registration.
What Happens If Corporate Registration Uses Dummy Incorporators? Read More »
Learn how independent auditor collusion is punished for false financial statements under R.A. No. 11232, NIRC Section 257, and SEC auditor accreditation rules.
How Is Independent Auditor Collusion Prosecuted in the Philippines? Read More »
Learn when false financial statements and material misstatements mislead investors, increase fines, and trigger SEC enforcement under Philippine law.
When Do False Corporate Financial Reports Harm Investors? Read More »
Learn when refusal to show corporate minutes creates officer liability, damages, and fines under R.A. 11232 and SEC rules on inspection rights.
