Learn when dismantling or relocating a boundary fence may lead to criminal liability under Article 313 of the Revised Penal Code.
Can Landowners Be Prosecuted for Moving Boundary Fences? Read More »
Learn when private security guards may face unlawful arrest charges for detaining citizens without legal authority or reasonable ground under Article 269.
Can Private Security Guards Be Charged With Unlawful Arrest? Read More »
Learn when selling a mortgaged vehicle may result in criminal liability under Philippine law.
Can Hiding a Chattel Mortgage Lead to Criminal Charges? Read More »
Article 281 may punish unauthorized entry into fenced industrial lots and agricultural plots when warnings are clear and permission is absent.
Can Trespass Charges Cover Enclosed Industrial Lots? Read More »
Learn how Philippine law treats deliberate solar-panel damage, the elements of malicious mischief, filing requirements, penalties, and evidence.
Learn the penalties and proof required when a private co-owner forges a signature on a land deed under Article 172 of the Revised Penal Code.
What Are the Penalties for Fake Deeds by Private Co-Owners? Read More »
Learn when a private art appraiser may face liability for fraudulent valuation, concealment, or misrepresentation under Article 318 of the Revised Penal Code.
Can Private Valuers Face Fraud Charges for Artwork Appraisal? Read More »
Learn when stopped checks for luxury goods or vehicles may constitute estafa under Article 315(2)(d) of the Philippine Revised Penal Code.
Learn when event organizers may face estafa charges for unbooked venues or caterers, and how Philippine law distinguishes fraud from breach of contract.
Can Event Organizers Face Estafa Charges for Vendor Defaults? Read More »
Can freelancers face criminal liability for selling proprietary source code? Learn how Article 292 applies to confidential software and industrial secrets.
Can Freelancers Face Liability for Selling Source Code? Read More »
