Learn when a private art appraiser may face liability for fraudulent valuation, concealment, or misrepresentation under Article 318 of the Revised Penal Code.
Can Private Valuers Face Fraud Charges for Artwork Appraisal? Read More »
Learn when stopped checks for luxury goods or vehicles may constitute estafa under Article 315(2)(d) of the Philippine Revised Penal Code.
Can Stopped Checks Lead to Estafa Charges? Read More »
Learn when event organizers may face estafa charges for unbooked venues or caterers, and how Philippine law distinguishes fraud from breach of contract.
Can Event Organizers Face Estafa Charges for Vendor Defaults? Read More »
Can freelancers face criminal liability for selling proprietary source code? Learn how Article 292 applies to confidential software and industrial secrets.
Can Freelancers Face Liability for Selling Source Code? Read More »
Learn the prison terms under Article 290 for opening, reading, and revealing another person’s sealed financial statements or private mail.
What Penalties Apply to Reading Private Financial Mail? Read More »
Learn when threatening emails against a business owner may constitute grave threats under Article 282 and what evidence is needed.
Can Email Threats Against Business Reputation Be Prosecuted? Read More »
Learn when a private caretaker’s unauthorized taking of farm equipment may constitute qualified theft under Article 310 of the Revised Penal Code.
Can a Private Caretaker Face Qualified Theft Charges? Read More »
Philippine law on corporate fraud conspiracy, director liability, active participation, and proving that board members shared a plan to defraud investors.
How Is Corporate Fraud Conspiracy Proven in Philippine Law? Read More »
Learn how nighttime, warehouse entry, and abuse of confidence may affect penalties for white-collar crimes under Philippine law.
How Do Aggravating Circumstances Increase White-Collar Crime Penalties? Read More »
Philippine rules on when security guards and managers may use force against trespassers while defending corporate property.
When May Security Guards Use Force Against Trespassers? Read More »
