What are the circumstances related to planning and cruelty that qualify a killing as Murder?
The existence of evident premeditation is one circumstance that qualifies a killing as Murder (Article 248, Revised Penal Code). Another circumstance is cruelty, which means deliberately and inhumanly augmenting the suffering of the victim. Cruelty also includes outraging or scoffing at the victim’s person or corpse.
02 November 2025
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