Employees cannot file a civil court action arising from the same cause while their money claim is pending final labor determination.
Employees resigning without just cause must serve a written notice one month in advance to avoid being liable for damages.
Fulfilling military or civic duty does not terminate employment; employees must be reinstated upon returning within one month of relief.
Regular employment involves tasks necessary to the employer’s usual business, excluding specific project-based or seasonal work engagements.
Employers can terminate employees for just causes like serious misconduct, gross neglect, fraud, or crimes against the employer or their family.
One-half month salary for retirement includes 15 days pay, 1/12 of 13th-month pay, and up to 5 days leave equivalent.
Employees terminated for redundancy or labor-saving devices receive separation pay of at least one month per year of service.
Employees may immediately resign without notice due to serious insult, inhuman treatment, crimes by the employer, or similar abusive circumstances.
Employees must file all money claims arising from employer-employee relations within three years from the time the cause of action accrued.
Probationary employment cannot exceed six months; employees allowed to work beyond this period are automatically considered regular employees.
