Learn when writing unauthorized amounts on presigned corporate checks may constitute estafa under Philippine law, and what evidence matters.
When Does a Blank Corporate Check Become Estafa? Read More »
Learn when borrowers may face criminal liability for removing, selling, repledging, concealing, or destroying mortgaged personal property in the Philippines.
Can Borrowers Be Criminally Liable for Destroying Mortgaged Property? Read More »
Learn when relatives may face Philippine estafa charges for false ownership claims involving inherited bank accounts, vehicles, and estate property.
Can Relatives Face Estafa Charges for False Ownership Claims? Read More »
Learn when selling a mortgaged vehicle may result in criminal liability under Philippine law.
Can Hiding a Chattel Mortgage Lead to Criminal Charges? Read More »
Learn when stopped checks for luxury goods or vehicles may constitute estafa under Article 315(2)(d) of the Philippine Revised Penal Code.
Can Stopped Checks Lead to Estafa Charges? Read More »
Learn when a co-founder’s unauthorized withdrawal from an informal startup’s joint account may support an estafa case under Philippine law.
Can a Co-Founder Be Prosecuted for Withdrawing Startup Funds? Read More »
Learn how the Trust Receipts Law treats failure to remit proceeds from imported goods as estafa, who is liable, and how to reduce risk.
Learn when unliquidated cash advances may become estafa under Article 315, including misappropriation, demand, and common evidence in company fund cases.
Estafa by Misappropriation: When Retaining Company Funds Crosses into Criminal Liability Read More »
Guide to prosecuting estafa by corporate treasurers in the Philippines: proof of misappropriation, demand, evidence, and common defenses.
Learn how the Trust Receipts Law can turn non-remittance of sale proceeds into estafa, including risks for corporate officers and common exceptions.
The Criminal Trap of Trust Receipts Read More »
