Learn how Philippine law penalizes stock market manipulation, pump and dump schemes, and wash sales, including SEC enforcement and liability risks.
Learn how the Securities Regulation Code treats unregistered securities and investment contracts, and why startup fundraising can trigger SEC action.
Selling Unregistered Securities in the Philippines Read More »
SEC compliance in the Philippines: learn when late GIS/AFS filings stay administrative and when misrepresentation becomes corporate fraud with criminal risk.
When SEC Non-Compliance Escalates to Criminal Fraud in the Philippines Read More »
Explains Philippine rules on holdover directors, director removal, and liabilities for refusing corporate records inspection, including remedies and criminal exposure.
Illegal Holdover of Directors in the Philippines Read More »
Explains watered stocks under the Revised Corporation Code, director and officer liability, investor harm, and when criminal exposure may arise.
Liability and Criminal Exposure for Watered Stocks in the Philippines Read More »
Learn Revised Corporation Code rules on corporate secretary liability and aiding and abetting, including penalties for concealment, fraud, and toleration.
Criminal and Regulatory Exposure of Corporate Secretaries and Compliance Officers Read More »
Learn how SEC registration fraud and forged signatures in Articles of Incorporation can trigger penalties, revocation risk, and criminal cases in the Philippines.
Fraud in Securing SEC Registration in the Philippines Read More »
Illegal dividends in PH corporations: rules on unrestricted retained earnings, creditor prejudice, and directors’ civil and criminal liability.
Illegal Dividend Declarations in the Philippines Read More »
Learn when denying stockholder inspection rights triggers Revised Corporation Code penalties, SEC action, and fines for corporate officers.
Refusal to Allow Inspection of Corporate Records in the Philippines Read More »
Learn how the Revised Corporation Code penalizes whistleblower retaliation, covering elements, penalties, and compliance steps for corporations.
Retaliating Against Whistleblowers Under the Revised Corporation Code Read More »
