Commercial and Business Law

Posts focused on Commercial and Business Law in the Philippines

Falsification of Commercial Documents: The Criminal Cost of Altering Business Receipts and Ledgers

Explains falsification of commercial documents, altered receipts and ledgers, and estafa through falsification risks, penalties, and compliance steps in the Philippines.

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Qualified Theft in the Workplace: Prosecuting Employees Who Exploit Their Position of Trust

Learn how qualified theft, grave abuse of confidence, and workplace theft affect criminal liability when employees steal from employers in the Philippines.

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Estafa by Misappropriation: When Retaining Company Funds Crosses into Criminal Liability

Learn when unliquidated cash advances may become estafa under Article 315, including misappropriation, demand, and common evidence in company fund cases.

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Recovering Diverted Corporate Assets Transferred Right Before the Founder’s Death (Philippines): Heirs’ Remedies, Forums, and Evidence

How heirs recover diverted corporate assets before a founder’s death: estate settlement forum rules, accounting remedies, and evidence tracing in the Philippines.

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Corporate Dissolution Following the Death of the Principal Shareholder: The Legal Mechanics in the Philippines

Guide to corporate dissolution after a principal shareholder’s death: SEC filing steps, BIR tax clearance, liquidation, and creditor issues.

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The Liability of an Estate for the Unpaid Business Debts of the Deceased (Philippines): Filing Creditor Claims Before Distribution to Heirs

How lenders file Rule 86 money claims against an estate, meet deadlines, and prevent distribution to heirs before unpaid business debts are paid.

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Mediating Family Disputes over the Division of Philippine Commercial Real Estate

Family mediation for commercial real estate disputes: confidentiality, settlement terms, and enforceability of compromise agreement under Philippine law.

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Protecting Intellectual Property Rights During the Succession of a Tech Startup Founder in the Philippines

Guide to patent inheritance Philippines and software copyright heirs after a tech founder’s death, with IP Code rules, moral rights, and continuity steps.

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Retaining Control of the Family Business Through Usufruct Arrangements Over Corporate Shares (Philippine Estate Planning Guide)

Estate planning guide on usufruct over shares: transfer naked ownership to children while retaining voting rights and dividend rights until death.

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Transitioning the Control of Real Estate Holding Companies During Complex Estate Proceedings in the Philippines

Explains corporate control disputes in estate proceedings, managing commercial leases, and maintaining corporate tax compliance for real estate holding companies.

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