Holding Companies and Land Ownership: Strict Rules for Foreign Equity in Philippine Real Estate
Learn how foreign ownership of land limits shape a Philippine holding company, including the 60-40 rule, SEC guidance, and compliant structuring.
Withdrawing an SEC License: The Hidden Realities of Closing a Foreign Branch Office in Manila
Learn the rules and timeline for withdrawing an SEC license when closing a foreign branch office, including BIR tax clearance, claims, and publication steps.
Why Foreign Branches Need a Local Representative in the Philippines
Learn the resident agent requirement for foreign corporations in the Philippines, including service of summons rules, liabilities, and compliance steps.
Why Foreign Branches Need a Local Representative in the Philippines Read More »
The Legal Danger for Foreign Corporations Operating Without an SEC Registration in the Philippines
Explains why an unlicensed foreign corporation doing business in the Philippines can be sued but may lose capacity to sue to collect debts.
Defining “Doing Business” in the Philippines
Learn how Philippine law defines doing business, when continuity of dealings triggers an SEC license, and when an isolated transaction may suffice.
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The USD 100,000 Capital Exception in the Philippines
Learn how R.A. No. 11647 allows a USD 100,000 paid-in capital route for foreign startups via advanced tech or Filipino hiring in the Philippines.
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The USD 200,000 Capitalization Rule: Setting Up a Foreign-Owned Domestic Corporation the Right Way
Understand the USD 200,000 paid-in equity rule for foreign-owned domestic corporations and when retail requires ₱25M paid-up capital under R.A. 11595.
Domestic Market Enterprise vs. Export Enterprise in the Philippines (Foreign Investments Act): 60% Export Threshold and Foreign Investor Capital Rules
Learn the Foreign Investments Act rules on export enterprise vs domestic market enterprise, and how exporting 60% can ease foreign capital rules.
The Grandfather Rule vs. the Control Test: The Methods the SEC Uses to Determine Corporate Nationality
Explains corporate nationality in the Philippines, comparing the Control Test and Grandfather Rule used to review layered ownership and foreign equity limits.
Corporate Environmental Crimes in the Philippines
Learn how Philippine environmental laws impose criminal liability on corporate officers for illegal logging, mining, and gross air pollution offenses.
Corporate Environmental Crimes in the Philippines Read More »
