Learn how Philippine employers may terminate underperforming employees while avoiding whistleblower retaliation and illegal dismissal claims.
Can Employers Terminate Employees Claiming Whistleblower Status? Read More »
Learn how Section 169 of the Revised Corporation Code protects corporate whistleblowers from retaliatory dismissal, demotion, and livelihood interference.
How Does the Revised Corporation Code Protect Whistleblowers? Read More »
What Are the Maximum Fines for Corporations Running Unlicensed Investment Schemes in the Philippines? Introduction Unlicensed investment schemes pose significant risks to the Philippine economy and the investing public. The government, through the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and relevant statutes, has established stringent penalties for corporations that operate such schemes without proper authorization. This
Learn how Philippine law penalizes directors who ignore internal graft, focusing on Section 168 of the Revised Corporation Code and related legal standards.
How Does Philippine Law Penalize Directors Who Ignore Corporate Graft? Read More »
Learn how Philippine law distinguishes contract breach from corporate fraud and how businesses can respond to SEC complaints alleging public deception.
When Does a Contract Breach Become Corporate Fraud? Read More »
Section 165 punishes corporations that conduct business through fraud, including Ponzi schemes and deceptive investment operations.
How Does Section 165 Punish Fraudulent Corporate Business? Read More »
Explains watered stocks, directors’ liability, and when fines may apply under the Revised Corporation Code, with Supreme Court and SEC guidance.
How Are Directors Fined for Issuing Watered Stocks? Read More »
Learn liability for withholding corporate minutes under the Revised Corporation Code, including inspection rights, defenses, SEC complaint process, and penalties.
What Liability Applies for Hiding Corporate Minutes? Read More »
Learn when a board meeting outside the Philippines is valid, how notice and quorum work, and remedies for exclusionary meetings under the Revised Corporation Code.
Are There Penalties for Board Meetings Abroad? Read More »
Learn penalties for falsifying corporate minutes and board quorum, including falsification risks, SEC consequences, and compliance tips for corporate secretaries.
What Are the Penalties for Falsifying Attendance in Corporate Minutes? Read More »
